Mangrove Species of Sg. Ular (Station 3)

General:

Station three for mangrove sampling is considered as a mix and mature mangrove forest since the distribution of mangrove species are already mixed and not arranged in a common way.

Species 1

Avicennia sp.

The species are usually tall in height. The leaves excrete salt due to presence of salt glands. The tree also develop pencil-like pneumatophores that produce out of the soil allowing root respiration in the anaerobic muddy soil. It has oblong to lanceolate pointed leaves, smooth, glossy-green above and very pale under.

Species 2

Sonneratia sp.

The species are usually broad. The tree bears thick and blunt pneumatophores. Its stalked, opposite leaves are elliptic to ovate in shape, with a rounded or broad leaf tip.

Species 3

Rhizophora Mucronata

The species root has both aerial and stilt roots growing from lower branches.  The leaves also is broadly elliptic to slightly oblong leathery leaves and has red tip. The wood is used for charcoal and firewood. Tannin in bark is used for tanning and dyeing.

Species 4

Rhizophora Apiculata

The species root is conspicuous, arching stilt roots and sometimes has aerial roots. The leaves characterized as dark green, smooth and leathery while the tip is yellow in color. The plant is used for timber and products and sometimes used as protection likes dikes and bunds.

Species 5

Bruguiera sp.

The species root is usually buttressed at the base and produces kneed roots which protrude above the substrate. It can be used for timber and product, medicinal and edible for eating.

Species 6

Hibiscus tiliaceus

Known as Dwarf Sea Hibiscus with yellow colors of flower. The plant need sunlight with moderate water for growth. It has tap root and woody stem.

Species 7

Xylocarpus sp.

Mature individuals produce long, spreading buttress roots which are usually not observed in young individuals. Its alternate, stalked, pinnate leaves consist of up to 3 pairs of leaflets. The stalked leaflets have leathery leaf blades that are usually narrowly drop-shaped or oval with rounded tips. It is used for medicinal also for timber and product.